報(bào)警系統(tǒng)計(jì)算推薦規(guī)程翻譯-中英對(duì)照
高速公路-鐵路平交道口報(bào)警系統(tǒng)確定報(bào)警時(shí)間和最小引路距離計(jì)算推薦規(guī)程
2007年修訂(4頁(yè))
A.目的
這部分內(nèi)容描述了高速公路-鐵路平交道口報(bào)警系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)報(bào)警裝置、確定報(bào)警時(shí)間和最小引路距離計(jì)算方式；報(bào)警時(shí)間的部分組件依次啟動(dòng)(連續(xù))，而其它組件可在相似時(shí)間啟動(dòng)或重疊啟動(dòng)。圖3310-1和3310-2描述各種組件之間的關(guān)系。
B.操作參數(shù)
1.最短報(bào)警時(shí)間(通過(guò)車(chē)輛運(yùn)動(dòng)響應(yīng)) ：
通過(guò)車(chē)輛運(yùn)動(dòng)響應(yīng)，最短報(bào)警時(shí)間是指在列車(chē)到來(lái)之前，在高速公路-鐵路平交道口報(bào)警設(shè)備活躍的最少時(shí)間。
2.最短時(shí)間(MT) ：
高速公路-鐵路平交道口報(bào)警設(shè)備列出正常通過(guò)響應(yīng)時(shí)間的最小限度為20秒，要求符合MUTCD 8D.06和49 USC 234.225，
3.清除時(shí)間(CT) ：
a.如果MTCD (最小軌道清除距離)超出35英尺，每超過(guò)的10英尺或超出35英尺的部分，清除時(shí)間是一秒。
b.清除時(shí)間可以由政府機(jī)構(gòu)或鐵路根據(jù)站點(diǎn)具體需要增加。清除時(shí)間的其它示例包括額外的同時(shí)間的優(yōu)先、額外的門(mén)延遲時(shí)間和相鄰軌道清除時(shí)間。
AREMA® C&S手冊(cè)
3.3.10部分 2007
3.入口操作
當(dāng)入口在使用時(shí)，每條入口攔路木向下行動(dòng)且不少于3秒。在閃光燈啟動(dòng)后，并且假設(shè)在列車(chē)正常運(yùn)動(dòng)到達(dá)入口前，橫向定位至少為5秒。
4.退出門(mén)清除時(shí)間(EGCT) ：
四極門(mén)禁系統(tǒng)，在入口攔路木開(kāi)始下降后，出口門(mén)的清除時(shí)間是提供延長(zhǎng)出口門(mén)攔路木下降的時(shí)間。這段時(shí)間是用于出口門(mén)動(dòng)態(tài)方式操作和計(jì)時(shí)。參見(jiàn)手冊(cè)第3.1.15部分(自動(dòng)高速公路-鐵路平交道口報(bào)警系統(tǒng)控制推薦功能/操作指南)。EGCT由政府機(jī)構(gòu)按照MUTCD制定。
5.出口門(mén)操作方式(EGOM) ：
在確定EGOM時(shí)，必須給予特別考慮。評(píng)估因素應(yīng)該包括：例如順流高速公路交通信號(hào)是否沒(méi)有與鐵路報(bào)警系統(tǒng)互聯(lián)、停車(chē)牌、車(chē)道，車(chē)行道寬度轉(zhuǎn)換、垂直和水平的曲線，如果車(chē)隊(duì)延伸到MTCD，必須確定視域阻礙和轉(zhuǎn)向運(yùn)動(dòng)。如果高速公路交通在交叉口沒(méi)有出口從，必須考慮動(dòng)態(tài)EGOM的運(yùn)用。EGOM由政府機(jī)構(gòu)按照MUTCD制定。
6.緩沖時(shí)間(BT) ：
緩沖時(shí)間是任意的，并且除MT和CT之外，也可以列車(chē)處理較小變化范圍、軌道電路可變性和機(jī)車(chē)速度允許范圍提供。
7.設(shè)備響應(yīng)時(shí)間(ERT) ：
調(diào)整控制電路設(shè)備響應(yīng)時(shí)間。
8.預(yù)先搶占時(shí)間(APT) ：
在高速公路-鐵路平交道口報(bào)警設(shè)備的啟動(dòng)前，提供政府機(jī)構(gòu)指定的列車(chē)預(yù)先接近通知時(shí)期。計(jì)算APT時(shí)，應(yīng)該考慮緩沖時(shí)間(BT)為零。
AREMA® C&S手冊(cè)
2007 3.3.10部分
參見(jiàn)手冊(cè)第3.1.10部分(自動(dòng)高速公路-鐵路平交道口報(bào)警系統(tǒng)控制推薦功能/操作指南)，對(duì)預(yù)先搶占時(shí)間提供額外的指南。
9.全部報(bào)警時(shí)間(TWT) ：
確定如下：
最短時(shí)間20秒。
加上CT或EGCT 秒。
均等最短報(bào)警時(shí)間 秒。
加上BT 秒。
均等總報(bào)警時(shí)間 秒。
10.總引路時(shí)間(TAT) ：
確定如下：
總報(bào)警時(shí)間 秒。
加上ERT 秒。
加上APT 秒。
均等總引路時(shí)間
11.總引路距離(TAD) ：
總方法距離(英尺) =總引路時(shí)間(秒) x最大授權(quán)速度(哩/時(shí)) x 1.47 (ft/秒)/(mi/小時(shí))。
•1.47 =1秒內(nèi)移動(dòng)的距離/英尺。
•分別計(jì)算每條軌道距離。
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AREMA® C&S手冊(cè)
3.3.10部分 2007
二個(gè)扇形門(mén)
總引路時(shí)間
設(shè)備響應(yīng) 預(yù)先搶占時(shí)間 總報(bào)警時(shí)間
所有燈具閃動(dòng)
ERT ART 至少20秒 CT BT 在攔路木下落前，攔路木至少延遲3秒 攔路木下落 在火車(chē)進(jìn)入交叉道口前，攔路木橫向至少5秒
圖3310-1 ： 報(bào)警系統(tǒng)與或者無(wú)，二個(gè)扇形門(mén)
四個(gè)扇形門(mén)
總引路時(shí)間
設(shè)備響應(yīng) 預(yù)先搶占時(shí)間 總報(bào)警時(shí)間
所有燈具閃動(dòng)
ERT ART 在攔路木下落前，攔路木至少延遲3秒 攔路木下落 在火車(chē)進(jìn)入交叉道口前，攔路木橫向至少5秒 CT BT 出口攔路木延遲
EGCT 出口攔路木下落 橫向出口攔路木
圖3310-2 ： 報(bào)警系統(tǒng)與或者無(wú)，四個(gè)扇形門(mén)
Recommended Instructions for Determining Warning Time and Calculating Minimum Approach Distance for Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Warning Systems
Revised 2007 (4 Pages)
A. Purpose
This Manual Part recommends instructions to determine the warning time and calculate the minimum approach distance for railroad activated warning devices at highway-rail grade crossings. Some components of warning time occur in sequence (serial) to each other, while other components may be occurring at similar or overlapping times. Figures 3310-1 and 3310-2 depict the relationships between the various components.
B. Operating Parameters
1. Minimum Warning Time (Through Train Movements):
For through train movements, Minimum Warning Time is the least amount of time active warning devices shall operate prior to the arrival of a train at a highway-rail grade crossing.
2. Minimum Time (MT):
Highway-rail grade crossing warning devices shall operate for a minimum of 20 seconds for normal operation of through trains in accordance with MUTCD 8D.06 and 49 USC 234.225,
3. Clearance Time (CT):
a. If the MTCD (minimum track clearance distance) exceeds 35 ft,
clearance time is one second for each additional 10 ft, or portion
thereof, over 35 ft.
b. Clearance Time may also be added by the public agency or railroad
to account for site specific needs. Examples of additional
Clearance Time include additional time for simultaneous
preemption, additional gate delay time and/or adjacent track
clearance time.
2010 AREMA -1-
AREMA® C&S Manual
Part 3.3.10 2007
3. Entrance Gate Operation
When gates are used, each entrance gate arm shall start its downward motion not less than 3 sec. after flashing lights begin to operate and shall assume the horizontal position at least 5 sec. before the arrival of a normal train movement at the crossing.
4. Exit Gate Clearance Time (EGCT):
For four quadrant gate systems, the exit gate clearance time is the amount of time provided to delay the descent of the exit gate arm(s) after the entrance gate arm(s) begin to descend. This time is applied to both Timed and Dynamic Modes of exit gate operation. See Manual Part 3.1.15 (Recommended Functional/Operating Guidelines for Control of Automatic Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Warning Systems) for guidance. EGCT is determined by the public agency per MUTCD.
5. Exit Gate Operating Mode (EGOM):
Special consideration must be given to determination of EGOM. Factors such as downstream highway traffic signal(s) not interconnected with the railroad warning system, stop signs, driveways, roadway width transition, vertical and horizontal curves, sight obstructions and turning movements should be evaluated to determine if vehicle queues may extend into the MTCD. In the event highway traffic does not have a free-flowing exit from the crossing, strong consideration should be given to utilization of Dynamic EGOM. EGOM is determined by the public agency per MUTCD.
6. Buffer Time (BT):
Buffer Time is discretionary and may be provided in addition to MT and CT to accommodate for minor variations in train handling, track circuit variability and allowable tolerances within locomotive speed measurement apparatus.
7. Equipment Response Time (ERT):
Adjustments shall be made to provide for control circuit Equipment Response Time.
8. Advance Preemption Time (APT):
The period of time specified by the Public Agency that provides advance notification of an approaching train prior to activation of the highway-rail grade crossing warning devices. Buffer Time (BT) should be considered
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AREMA® C&S Manual
2007 Part 3.3.10
to be zero when calculating APT. See Manual Part 3.1.10 (Recommended Functional/Operating Guidelines for Interconnection Between Highway Traffic Signals and Highway-Rail Grade Crossing Warning Systems), to provide additional guidance in determining Advance Preemption Time.
9. Total Warning Time (TWT):
Is determined as follows:
Minimum Time 20 sec.
Plus the greater of
CT or EGCT sec.
Equals Minimum
Warning Time sec.
Plus BT sec.
Equals Total
Warning Time sec.
10. Total Approach Time (TAT):
Is determined as follows:
Total Warning Time sec.
plus ERT sec.
plus APT sec.
Equals Total sec.
Approach Time
11. Total Approach Distance (TAD):
Total Approach Distance (feet) = Total Approach Time (sec) x Maximum Authorized Speed (mph) x 1.47 (ft/sec)/(mi/hr).
• 1.47 = Distance in feet traveled in 1 sec. at 1 mph.
• Distance for each track involved to be calculated separately.
2010 AREMA -3-
GATE DELAY
3 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE
GATES START
TOTAL WARNING TIME
- ALL LIGHTS FLASH -
20 SECONDS MINIMUM
CT
GATE HORIZONTAL
GATE DESCENT
5 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE TRAIN
ENTERS CROSSING
Figure 3310-1: Warning Systems with, or without, Two Quadrant Gates
FOUR QUADRANT GATE
TOTAL APPROACH TIME
EQUIPMENT RESPONSE
ADVANCED PREEMPTION
TOTAL WARNING TIME
GATE DELAY
3 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE
GATES START
TO DESCEND
20 SECONDS MINIMUM
CT
GATE HORIZONTAL
ENTRANCE
GATE DESCENT
5 SEC.
MINIMUM
BEFORE TRAIN
EXIT GATE DELAY
EGCT
ENTERS CROSSING
EXIT
GATE
DESCENT
EXIT
GATE
HORIZONTAL
Figure 3310-2: Warning Systems with, or without, Four Quadrant Gates
2013.1.27