環(huán)境影響評估翻譯-中英對照
4、加大環(huán)境影響評價(jià)的跟蹤評估，切實(shí)發(fā)揮環(huán)境影響評價(jià)的作用
4. Strengthened follow up assessment of environmental impact assessment; give a feasible play of the role of environmental impact assessment;
建立跟蹤評估制度，完善環(huán)境影響評價(jià)。修改完善現(xiàn)有環(huán)境影響評價(jià)法律法規(guī)，不斷完善環(huán)境影響評價(jià)制度體系，在對建設(shè)項(xiàng)目要求跟蹤檢查的基礎(chǔ)上，從建設(shè)項(xiàng)目、規(guī)劃和戰(zhàn)略的不同層次，研究建立環(huán)境影響評價(jià)的跟蹤評估制度，開展戰(zhàn)略、規(guī)劃和建設(shè)項(xiàng)目環(huán)境影響評價(jià)的定期評估。加強(qiáng)環(huán)境跟蹤評價(jià)，規(guī)范資源開發(fā)過程。加強(qiáng)資源開發(fā)領(lǐng)域戰(zhàn)略環(huán)評、規(guī)劃環(huán)評和項(xiàng)目環(huán)評的后續(xù)環(huán)境管理，建立相關(guān)的環(huán)境跟蹤評價(jià)技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與管理體系，逐步規(guī)范資源開發(fā)過程中的環(huán)境跟蹤評價(jià)工作，積極促進(jìn)資源開發(fā)過程中環(huán)保措施的落實(shí)與有效運(yùn)行，確保資源的合理開發(fā)與持續(xù)利用。
Establish follow up assessment system; perfect environmental impact assessment. Revise and perfect the existing laws and regulations of environment impact assessment, constantly perfect environment impact assessment system; on the basis of the follow up inspection of the requirements of construction project, and in view of different levels of construction project, planning and strategy, study and establish follow up assessment system of environment impact; implement the strategy, planning and construction environment impact assessment of project at regular interval. Strengthen the follow up assessment of environment; standardize the course of development of resources. Strengthen the follow-up environmental management of strategic range assessment, and implement the planning of range assessment, project range assessment of development field of resources; establish the relevant the technical standard and management system of environment follow up assessment; gradually standardize the environment follow up assessment work during the course of development of resources; promote the implementation and effectively operation of the environment protection measure during the course of development of resources; guarantee the reasonable development of resources and sustainable utilization.
（五）以綜合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)管理為指導(dǎo)整合區(qū)域重大生態(tài)工程，在末端環(huán)節(jié)提升生態(tài)建設(shè)的水平
(5) Regard comprehensive ecological system management as guidelines and integrate the major ecological project of local area; promote the level of ecological construction in terminal linkage
實(shí)施生態(tài)恢復(fù)與建設(shè)工程，是改善生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)、提升生態(tài)系統(tǒng)功能的重要措施。新世紀(jì)以來，在《全國生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)規(guī)劃》和《全國生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)綱要》的指導(dǎo)下，我國開展了包括六大林業(yè)重點(diǎn)工程、長江和黃河上中游在內(nèi)的水土流失綜合防治試點(diǎn)工程、“退牧退耕還草”和“草原生態(tài)建設(shè)”等一系列生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)重點(diǎn)工程。這些重點(diǎn)生態(tài)工程的實(shí)施，對于我國生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的保護(hù)和恢復(fù)，延緩生態(tài)退化的趨勢起到了積極的作用。但是，這些重點(diǎn)工程都是由各部門提出，各部門分頭實(shí)施的，在總體上缺乏統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)，生態(tài)工程實(shí)施過程中工作量重復(fù)計(jì)算、資金分配不合理、同一生態(tài)建設(shè)區(qū)的生態(tài)工程間缺乏有機(jī)結(jié)合和不同生態(tài)建設(shè)區(qū)間的生態(tài)工程缺乏有機(jī)結(jié)合等問題突出，極大的消弱了生態(tài)工程建設(shè)的整體效益。因此，實(shí)施流域（區(qū)域）內(nèi)以及區(qū)域間重大生態(tài)工程的整合，建立能夠統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和調(diào)度的生態(tài)建設(shè)與恢復(fù)機(jī)構(gòu)，統(tǒng)籌設(shè)計(jì)，積極開展分重點(diǎn)、分區(qū)域的生態(tài)恢復(fù)與整治工作，對于集中力量開展生態(tài)恢復(fù)與整治，徹底改善生態(tài)退化具有重要的意義。需要開展的具體戰(zhàn)略行動(dòng)主要包括：
Implementation of recovery and construction of ecological project is the important measure of improving the ecosystem structure and promoting the function of ecosystem. Since new century, under the guidance of “Construction Plan of the National Ecological Environment” and “Protection Outline of National Ecological Environment”, our country has launched the comprehensive controlling pilot project of soil erosion which includes six major key project of forestry, upper and middle reaches of Changjiang River and Yellow River; build a series of key project in ecological environments such as “Return Herding and Farmland and Grass Land” and “Ecological Construction of Grassland”, etc.. Implementation of these key ecological projects plays a positive role to protect and recover the ecosystem of our country, and delay trend of ecology degradations. However, these key projects are all proposed by different departments, and implemented by different department separately, which lack the overall planning and design, the implementation of ecological project during the construction is calculated repeatedly and fund allocation is unreasonable. It has the serious problem such as the ecological project in the same ecological construction area lack the organic combination and the ecological project in the different ecological construction area lack the organic combination, which slackened the integral benefit of ecological construction project. Therefore, implement the merger of the major ecological project inside the drainage area (region) and between the regions; establish ecological construction and recover the organization that can implement unified leading and management, carry out overall design; actively perform the ecological recovery and management work of the focused area and region; it has an important significance to concentrate strength on resuming and renovating the ecology, completely improve the degraded ecology. The concrete strategic action need to be launched mainly includes:
1、實(shí)施重大生態(tài)工程整合
1. Implement the major ecological project combination
目前，我國的生態(tài)工程基本上是針對水土流失、沙漠化、草原退化、濕地萎縮等表觀性具體生態(tài)問題設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)施的。同時(shí)這些工程都是分部門設(shè)計(jì)、分部門實(shí)施的，對這些工程的投資也都分散到林業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、水利等各個(gè)部門，所以生態(tài)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)與功能保護(hù)的深層次問題常常被忽略，資金使用效率低，工程重復(fù)建設(shè)的問題比較突出。因此，生態(tài)保護(hù)與建設(shè)涉及的農(nóng)業(yè)、林業(yè)、水利等相關(guān)單位應(yīng)以大局為重，處理好整體利益與部門利益的關(guān)系，整合原有和現(xiàn)有的生態(tài)工程資源，逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)相同和不同生態(tài)建設(shè)的重大生態(tài)工程整合。探索建立統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃機(jī)制，避免新建工程的重復(fù)計(jì)算、重復(fù)建設(shè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)擬建生態(tài)工程的整合。建立生態(tài)工程的跟蹤評估制度，責(zé)任追究制度，促進(jìn)區(qū)域重大生態(tài)工程的整合。建議將現(xiàn)有生態(tài)工程按照以維護(hù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)主體功能為目的進(jìn)行整合，具體方案如下表：
At present, the ecological project of our country are basically designed and implemented according to the apparent concrete ecological problems such as soil erosion, desertification, grassland degrading, etc. At the same time these projects are all to assign to the different department for designing and implementation. The investment in these projects are all dispersed to different departments such as forestry, agriculture and water conservancy, etc. Therefore, the profound question of ecosystem structure and protect function are often neglected; the service efficiency of the fund is low; the question of repeated construction of the project is outstanding as well. Therefore, the relevant units such as agriculture, forestry and water conservancy, etc. involved in ecological protection and construction should give first place to the integral situation; deal with the relationship between integral interests and department's interests; combine the original and existing resources of ecological project; gradually realize the integration of major ecological project of the same and different ecological construction. Explore to establish overall planning mechanism; avoid the repeated calculating and construction; realize the integration of planning t of the ecological project. Establish the follow up assessment system of ecological project and responsibility claim system; promote the integration of the major ecological project in the area. Propose to implement the integration to the existing ecological project according to purpose for maintain subject function of ecosystem. The concrete scheme is as follows:
2013.4.7