石膏的綜合利用
石灰石──石膏濕法脫硫副產(chǎn)品為脫硫石膏，利用途徑很廣泛，在不少領(lǐng)域如水泥、建材行業(yè)、建筑以及農(nóng)業(yè)等廣泛使用。
在水泥行業(yè)，石膏可以作為水泥的摻和料，可起到緩凝作用。目前，水泥中石膏摻和料大多來自天然石膏礦，開采天然石膏
礦耗用了國家大量資源。如果采用脫硫石膏替代天然石膏，只要控制脫硫石膏中有害雜質(zhì)含量、降低脫硫石膏表面水分、或
控制石膏造粒等，脫硫石膏就可以替代天然石膏廣泛應(yīng)用于水泥行業(yè)。
中國硅酸鹽學(xué)會(huì)曾對(duì)珞璜電廠的脫硫石膏進(jìn)行全面性能驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)，試驗(yàn)結(jié)果證明脫硫石膏用作水泥緩凝劑完全可行，脫硫石
膏的各項(xiàng)性能指標(biāo)均可以達(dá)到有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求，有些指標(biāo)甚至還優(yōu)于天然石膏，所以，脫硫石膏完全可以替代天然石膏。另
外這種工藝技術(shù)簡(jiǎn)單、易于實(shí)現(xiàn)。因此在水泥行業(yè)，脫硫石膏將會(huì)廣泛地得到使用。
建筑材料，尤其在新型建筑材料中，石膏板及石膏制品占有特殊地位。國內(nèi)許多石膏板廠就用脫硫石膏作原料。
在建筑行業(yè)，脫硫石膏也有巨大綜合利用的市場(chǎng)。另外，在生產(chǎn)化肥硫酸鉀方面，脫硫石膏也會(huì)得到廣泛使用。
當(dāng)?shù)赜猩袢A集團(tuán)府谷天橋水泥有限責(zé)任公司、府谷水泥廠等水泥企業(yè)需要石膏作為水泥的摻和料，業(yè)主應(yīng)根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)厥嗑C合
利用的情況，與有關(guān)單位簽訂利用協(xié)議。
脫硫石膏首先立足于綜合利用，以保護(hù)環(huán)境，節(jié)約土地，避免資源浪費(fèi)，并可產(chǎn)生一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。本工程采用干灰場(chǎng)，無
法采用石膏水力拋棄處理方案，本工程脫硫石膏全部脫水后，運(yùn)往綜合利用用戶。脫硫石膏無法綜合利用時(shí)，石膏脫水后由
輸送皮帶運(yùn)至電廠干灰場(chǎng)碾壓貯存。
10.0 勞動(dòng)安全
11.0 職業(yè)衛(wèi)生
12.0 資源利用
12.1 能源利用（熱機(jī)匯總）
12.2 土地利用
本工程系榆林煤化工項(xiàng)目自備電站，土地利用由工業(yè)園區(qū)總平面布置統(tǒng)一考慮，不再預(yù)留擴(kuò)建條件。電站施工期間所需用地
也由園區(qū)建設(shè)統(tǒng)一調(diào)配。
12.3 Water resource utilization
12.3.1 Water source
The karst water and Tugou reservoir water, which is located upstream of Tuiwei river in Shenmu County, will
be adopted as the water source of the power plant.
12.3.2 Water-saving measures
In this project, water consumption includes: make-up water for boiler, industrial water, domestic water,
firefighting water, moistening water for dry ash, spray water for ashpond, water used for coal handing and
dedusting and water loss in the process of water treatment and so on. The sewer of this project will be
discharged to corresponding processing system of the main project, and will be reused after unified treatment
in the main project.
Following water-saving measures will be adopted to improve water resource reutilization.
The use of air cooling system for the cooling of main turbine, which reduce water consumption of fresh water
drastically.
The use of pneumatic ash handling and mechanical slag removal system, of which water–saving effect is
considerable.
According to water demands for water consumption and water quanlity of processing system, combing water
source situation, studing water balance of water supply and drainage and water reuse, design proper water
supply system and sewer processing system to save water, and the detail measures are as follows:
Treated industrial wastewater will be used as washing water and dedusting water for coal handling, spray
water for coal yard, processing water for preparation of limestone slurry in Desulfurization Island and
moistening water for ash slurry handling.
Making the most of industrial wastewater to reduce water consumption of fresh water.
The use of wind cooling for boiler slag removal, which reduces water consumption.
Sanitary waste of the power plant will be collected through the sewer system, and then will be reused after
treated up to par in the main project.
Network system for collecting of industrial wastewater will be set. the collected industrial wastewater will
be delivered to the main project and will be reused after treated.
Washing water for coal handling system will be reused in this system after treated in the main project.
Water metering facility will be installed for the inlet main pipe and each chief branch pipe to control water
consumption index strictly. Flow-limiting facility will be installed for the inlet/outlet main pipe of
Auxiliary machine cooling tower to improve the economical efficiency of make-up water quantity of Auxiliary
machine cooling tower and moderate efficiency of drainage quantity. Flow-limiting facility will be installed
for other big water consumer to improve water consumption efficiency and reduce water loss.
Water management will be an important factor for the evaluation and management of each workshop in the
operation management of the power plant. Water consumption index will be regarded as an importand evaluation
index to enhance the management and moniter in the operation.
12.3.3 water-saving effect
According to <<code for design of big and medium size fossil fuel power plants>>, design water consumption
index should be not more than 0.12m3/s.GW for power plant of which the unit capacity is not less than 300MW
and for which air cooling system is adopted.
Water consumption in summer in straight condensing condition of this project is 257m3/h (0.119m3/s.GW),
0.117m3/s.GW of which will come from urban reclaimed water, and water consumption index of fresh water is
only 0.002m3/s.GW, which has a dramatic water-saving effect.
12.4 建筑材料利用
12.4.1外圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)
建筑熱工設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)符合國家節(jié)約能源的方針,使設(shè)計(jì)與氣候條件相適應(yīng),在建筑布置中盡量注意建筑朝向,節(jié)約建筑采暖和空調(diào)能
耗,改善并保證室內(nèi)熱環(huán)境質(zhì)量.汽機(jī)房外墻零米層窗臺(tái)以下采用370厚多孔磚墻，窗臺(tái)以上采用彩色復(fù)合保溫壓型鋼板；窗戶
采用單框中空玻璃塑鋼窗；鍋爐房采用緊身封閉布置。
12.4.2 汽機(jī)房、鍋爐房及煤倉間在零米和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)層、輸煤皮帶層及要求較高的房間采用耐磨地面或全瓷地磚，樓梯平臺(tái)及踏步
采用防滑瓷磚面層。
12.4.3衛(wèi)生間等采用防滑耐磨地磚。
12.4.4集控室采用全瓷拋光防滑地磚。
12.4.5 集控室、電子設(shè)備間等要求較高的房間設(shè)金屬板吊頂。
12.4.6 屋面采用防水卷材、防水涂料，保溫層采用擠塑聚苯乙烯（XPS）、憎水珍珠巖板。
12.4.7集控樓外墻面裝飾：外墻涂料。
12.4.8 集控室內(nèi)墻采用裝飾金屬板，其余內(nèi)墻采用中級(jí)內(nèi)墻涂料。
12.4.9主廠房設(shè)備進(jìn)出及檢修用的大門采用鋼質(zhì)保溫電動(dòng)或手動(dòng)折疊門。
13.0 ECONOMIZING RESOURCES
13.1 Criterion of Economizing Resources
The standard and criterion of saving energy for this project is as following:
The National Development and Innovation Committee <Notice about Programming and Construction of Coal-fired
Power Plant>（Development and Innovation Energy No【864】）
The No 40 prescript of The National Development and Innovation Committee<The Adjustment of Industry Structure
Instruct Catalog (2005 year volume)>
Thermal Power Plant Design technique manual (DL5000)
Designing Criterion of Energy Saving for Public Building (GB50189-2005)
Designing criterion of energy saving in other countries and vocation
13.2 Economizing resources measures in this project
13.2.1 Economizing resources when choosing main and accessory equipment
Choosing less energy consumption turbine, high-efficiency boiler, and generator ahead. The maximum continuous
output of generator should be correspondence with turbine and boiler, the turbine adopts advance steam gland
technique.
Strictly calculation will be carried out when choosing the accessory equipment; the equipments are chosen
under the criterion, in case of choosing larger equipment to make sure of safely, reasonable, efficient
operation.
Choosing eligible energy saving product, it is priority to choose low-energy consumption, safety-operating,
mature and energy saving electric product. Never use low-grade product.
New type and low wastage generator transformer is used to decrease wasting. Energy saving generator
transformer compared with normal generator transformer can decrease wasting for 10~20%, so it is better to
choose Energy saving generator transformer.
Choose Y type series motor to improve efficiency of motor.
It is better to choose well-sealed idler, which is unmaintenanced, little resistance, long-life, small
driving power.
Water ring mechanical vacuum pump is highly-efficiency, low energy consumption, and reliable operation. So it
is the better choose.
The motor of condensate pump should be frequency conversion and governing in order to saving energy.
Adopt air cooling dry matter system which is water and energy saving.
Draft air fan and induced draft fan should choose rotating vane/static vane changeable axis flow fan, because
this fan has wider high efficiency operation range, it is suitable for off-design, it has better economy and
energy saving.
The power of driven motors of accessory which is more than 200kW should adopt high pressure motor, in order
to reduce start-up current and circuitry wastage.
13.0 節(jié)能分析
14.0 人力資源配置
15 IMPLEMENTATION CONDITION AND MILESTONE SCHEDULE FOR THE PROJECT
15.1 Implemention Condition of The Power Plant
1) Construction yard
Construction production area and construction living area are considered by the Coal Chemistry Project.
Construction production area is about 35 hm2 and construction living area is about 12 hm2.
2) Transport for the major equipment
At first, the major equipment would be transported into railway loading area of the Coal Chemistry Project by
railway, and then transited into the power station, estimating which will cost 10 million Yuan.
3) Construction ability
Construction electricity：Peak consumption is 5600kw, considered by the Coal Chemistry Project.
Construction water：Peak consumption is 600t/h, considered by the Coal Chemistry Project.
Construction communication：It will be considered by the Coal Chemistry Project.
15.2 Milestone schedule for the project
According to [2002]849 “Design guide of construction organization for fossil fuel power plants”, and
considering the specialty of the power station, milestone schedule for the project is arranged:
Feasibility study Feb.2009 to May.2009 3 months
Feasibility study censor Jun.2009 1 month
Primary survey Jul.2009 to Oct.2006 4 months
Primary design Nov.2009 to Feb.2010 4 months
Primary design censor Mar.2010 1 month
Detail survey Apr.2010 to Jun.2010 3 months
Construction layout Jul.2010 to Dec.2010 6 months
Detail design Jan.2011 to Apr.2012 16 months
Construction prepare May.2012 to Oct.2012 6 months
Plant Construction of the
Main power building to
#1 unit goes into operation Nov.2012 to Apr.2015 30 months
#1 unit goes into operation
to #2 unit goes into operation May.2015 to Jul.2015 3 months
#3 unit goes into operation
to #4 unit goes into operation Aug.2015 to Oct.2015 3 months
#5 unit goes into operation Nov.2015 to Dec.2015 2 months
16.0 投資估算及財(cái)務(wù)分析（技經(jīng)）
17.0 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析
18.0 技經(jīng)與社會(huì)影響分析
19.0 結(jié)論與建議（設(shè)總匯總）
19.2.10 Thermal efficiency for total plant
Thermal efficiency indices sum table
No Description Unit Heating period Total per year Remark
1 Annual utility hour h 8000 8000
2 Annual max thermal load utility hour h 8000 8000
3 10MPa designed extraction steam t/h 1437
4.2MPadesigned extraction steam t/h 365
1.7MPadesigned extraction steam t/h 176
Annual 10MPa extraction steam x104t/a 1149.6
Annual 4.2MPa extraction steam x104t/a 52.5
Annual 1.7MPa extraction steam x104t/a 6.4
4 heat application heat consumption GJ/h 6689
Annual heat application heat consumption x104GJ/a 5351
5 Heat output GJ/h 6689 Internal loss2%
Annual heat output x104GJ/a 5352
6 heat capacity power ％ 100
7 heat capacity standard coal rate kg/GJ 36.9
heat capacity standard coal consumption t/h 246.6
Annual heat capacity standard coal consumption x104t/a 197.3
8 Gross heat input GJ/h 12367
Annual gross heat input x104GJ/a 9894
9 Generation heat consumption GJ/h 5678
Annual generation heat consumption x104GJ/a 4542
10 Generation power MW 632
Annual energy output x104MW*h/a 505.6
11 generation thermal efficiency ％ 44.3
Generation standard coal consumption g/kw*h 277.6
Annual generation standard coal consumption x104t/a 140.4
12 thermoelectric compare ％ 294.0
13 Thermal efficiency of plant ％ 72.5
14 Annual total thermal capacity x104GJ/a 5352.0
15 Annual gross generation x104MW*h/a 505.6
16 Annual total standard coal
consumption x104t/a 337.6
note: heat output is not considered the loss of heat distribution network.
19.2.11 設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)供電標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤耗
19.2.12 water consumption index for each GW
Water consumption in summer in straight condensing condition of this project is 273.1m3/h (0.120m3/s.GW)