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口譯筆記法

發(fā)布時間:2012-6-5      閱讀次數(shù):1784

 

常用符號

1、數(shù)學(xué)符號

+    加上,和;另外,除此之外;多(plus,and,in addition to,besides, many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of)

++(+2)   "多"的比較級:more

-   減去,缺乏,少(minus,lack,in short of)

×   錯誤,不好,壞的(wrong,incorrect,sth.bad,notorious,negative,not)

√    好的,對的,積極地,贊成(correct,good,positive,affirmative,agree)

>   多于,超過(bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than,superior to,surpass)

<   少于,低于(less/smaller/fewer/worse than,inferior to)

≥   不少/低于,大于等于(more than,no less than,equal to)

≤   小于等于,不超過,不多于(less than, equal to,no more than)

=    同等,相當(dāng)于,換句話說;一致,公平(means,that is to say,in other words,the same as,be equal to,

     表示"對手"概念:( a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, )

≈/~   大約,大概,···左右(about,around,roughly,,or so, approximately)

        ≠   不同于,不等于,不代表,不平衡```(`be different from,It doesn’t mean,imbalance)

                 無敵(matchless,peerless,)

∈    屬于(belong to)

( )    在···之間(among,within,in);包括,包含,涉及,組成

[  ]       在···背景下(against this backdrop,background,uner the circumstance)

{         ···包含幾個方面,注意幾點

)   并列關(guān)系

∵   由于,因為,幸虧(because,due to,thanks to,as,owing to)

∴   所以,因而,因此,結(jié)果是(so,therefore,as a result,consequently)

  在···基礎(chǔ)上(based on, on the basis of);影響,負擔(dān),壓力(influence,effect,impact,pressure,stress,burden,load)

//   平行符號,與……相一致,相似,大致相當(dāng)

/    消除,解除,否定(cross out, eliminate)

∑    總額,總數(shù)(total amount/number,add up to )

 

 

 

 

2.、標(biāo)點符號

 

 

?       問題,疑問,提問,質(zhì)疑,懷疑(question,issue,doubt,ask,problem,puzzle,confused,mystery,bewildered)

!       值得關(guān)注的,很重要的,需要重視的(pay attention to,important,attach importance to think much of, value)

·      位置不同表示的概念不同。·d“昨天”,d· ‘明天 ’ ,·y 去年,y·明年

 

。     1,、表示“人”,放在單詞的右上角eg.中國人:中°,政客:政°,老師:T°

       2表示“……化”放在單詞右上角(-ize,-ization)現(xiàn)代化:現(xiàn)°,城鎮(zhèn)化:urban°

“”    所謂的,正如···所說(so called)

···   還有許多,···等等,大量的(many other,and so on,a lot of)

       繼續(xù)(carry on,continue,constant)

:   說,想,認為;表示,證明,顯示(view,see,look,observe,notice,scan,skim,perceive,witness,discover,catch sight of;

        Speak,say,state,tell,announce,maintain,claim,affirm,address,declare,suggest,

Show,demonstrate,indicate,imply;reflect,display,mirror,mean,reveal

Understand,comprehend,recognise,feel,

Think,consider,regard,reckon,deliberate,)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3)圖形符號

 

//      轉(zhuǎn)折(but,however,although,nevertheless)

       結(jié)束(end,stop,halt,bring sth to a standstill,stop)

* /☆    重要的,突出的,偉大的,有意義的(important,exemplary(模范的) best,outstanding,brilliant,great,prominent,grand

key, crucial,critical,essential,decisive,eventful,substaintial;

outstanding,distinguished,remakable;

chief,main,primary,major,dominant,overwhelming,most

  •      強調(diào),重視(emphasis,stress,focus,underscore,underline,accentuate,highlight,

attatch importance to,lay stress on, pay attention to)

△      城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)(urban area)

▽      農(nóng)村地區(qū)(rural area)

□       國家,民族(county,state,nation,republic,kingdom);

某一個組織(community,organization,)

∧     放在單詞的上方,表示“最”的概念。

U     酒杯狀,表示合同,協(xié)議(treaty,agreement,contract)U內(nèi)填入2,表示雙邊合同、協(xié)議,3即三遍,M即多邊;加入“/”表示談判破裂

O     圓圈代表地球,中間加一橫線代表赤道。表示國際的,世界的,全球性的(international,worldwide,global,universal)

     圈內(nèi)空白,象征面無表情。表示漠不關(guān)心、無動于衷:indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don't care much,

     全部,整體,總數(shù),總值(whole,entire,total,holistic,panoramic,sum)

⊙    會議、開會等  (圓圈表示一個圓桌,中間一點表示一盆花):meeting,conference, negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposium

       中間的點換成小圓圈表示環(huán)境(environment)

       集合,統(tǒng)一,團結(jié)(pool…together,converge,solidarity,reunification)

¥     人民幣,利益,福利,收益,利潤,有利于(benefits,welfare,,beneficial,profit, income,)

       價值,價格

    

$      美元,財富,金錢,投資,投入,花銷(investment,expense,cost,input,money,fortune,treasur,estate)

@     在……地方、領(lǐng)域(at)

&       和,與(and,together with,along with, accompany,along with,further more)

》《   對抗,對立關(guān)系,競賽,戰(zhàn)爭(oppose,fight against,combat,battle,war,competition,beating;fight and quarrel

√:    贊成,表揚(praise,hail,applaud,agree,assent)

×:   批評,否認,譴責(zé)(criticize,reproach,deny,disaffirm,condemn)

#      僅僅,只是(only,simply,just)

       號碼(telephone number)

×#    不僅(not only)

   加在動詞下表示將來的動作,加在年份或名詞下表示“…以來”、今后,……以后

    過去的動作;加在表示時間的數(shù)字下表示“過去……天、年,“截止……時’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,、箭頭符號

 

 

→    到達、傳達,到……方向,出口到,提交:go into,arrive at,give to,end to,present to

      導(dǎo)致,引發(fā),引導(dǎo):lead to,cause,result in, in the direction of

      屈服:submit to

      來自于,從……進口:be/come from,return,receive from,import from

      追溯到:come/go/date back to,originate

↑    上升,發(fā)展,增加,加強,上漲:up,rise,arise,ascend,boost,bring up,climb to,develop,elevate,enhance,promote,roar,update,improve,nourish,lift

↓    減少,下降,降低,下跌,貶值,減弱,削弱:cut down,decline,decrease,descend,degrade,dropto,fall,go down,lower,lessen,reduce,sink,weaken

↑↑   越來越好、高、多:more and more,higher and higher,better an better

↓↓   越來越壞、差、低:less and less,fewer and fewer,lower and lower,worse and worse

    壓力:pressure,stress,burden,load

      影響,作用于:influence,affect,impact,have bearingon

 譯路通武漢漢口翻譯公司整理

2012.6.5

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